Testosterone deficiency, also known as hypogonadism, occurs when the body does not produce enough of the hormone testosterone. This can present with signs and symptoms such as:
- Low libido and erectile dysfunction
- Decreased muscle mass and strength
- Increased body fat and obesity
- Loss of body and facial hair
- Depressed mood and irritability
- Difficulties with concentration and memory
- Fatigue and low energy levels
Testosterone is crucial for many bodily functions and healthy aging in men. By our 30s-40s,
testosterone levels start to slowly drop around 1% per year. While this natural decline is subtle, certain men experience more extreme decreases resulting in bothersome
low T symptoms that negatively impact quality of life.
Diagnosing low testosterone involves initial
blood tests to measure total and free testosterone levels. If abnormally low, further evaluation involves checking pituitary and reproductive hormones to rule out disorders of the hypothalamus and pituitary glands.
Treatment aims to return testosterone levels to normal range with options such as:
- Testosterone replacement therapy - Delivers supplementary testosterone via injections, gels, patches, or pellets. This must be closely monitored to keep levels in optimal range.
- Medications - Clomiphene citrate or human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) can stimulate natural testosterone production.
- Lifestyle changes - Weight loss, exercise, stress reduction, and certain supplements may help boost low levels for some men.